Based on the observational atmospheric turbulent data obtained from 255-m tower in Tianjin, the characteristics of different atmospheric variables and turbulent transfer during the fog periods were studied. The results show that before the fog, there exists high humidity, and the height of inversion reaches to 100 m. The inversion of radiation fog is stronger than that of the advection fog. During the fog, the inversion continues strengthening. With the lifting of inversion, the neutral and unstable stratification occurres which means the dissipation of fogs. Meanwhile, the development of inversion in the radiation fog is more obvious than that in advection fogs, the height of radiation fogs is lower than that of advection fogs, and the main reasons for the dissipation of radiation and advection fogs are temperature and wind speed, respectively. The stratification is changed by the fog period, resulting in an unstable nocturnal atmosphere. The vertical transfer is weak and the horizontal transfer strengthened in the later stage. The increasing in the ratio of mean kinetic energy to turbulent kinetic energy before the fog can be treated as the signal of the occurrence of fog and the decreasing marks the dissipation of fog.

With the brief view of the application of meteorological data obtained by aircraft, based on the continuous wind data obtained by aircraft and WPR (Wind Profile Radar) from August 2009 to June 2010, in Shanghai, the authors analyze the application of airborne meteorological instrument measurements in the atmospheric boundary layer and puts forwards some possible error resources. Meanwhile, the correction methods are proposed. It is shown that the main difference between two observation methods is attributed to the systematic deviations of the instrument. At vertical levels other than the 300 to 1500 m height and with air temperature less than -8 °C and wind speed less than 1 m/s, the discrepancy between the horizontal wind speed obtained by aircraft and WPR increases significantly, which shows the limitation of airborne instrument measurements under this condition. The corrected aircraft data reveal the general pattern of the wind profile structure of the boundary layer in Shanghai.

The authors propose a novel countermeasure which associates masking with RDI (random delay in- sertion). Further, multi-masking instead of transformed masking is proposed in order to defend DPA (differential power analysis) attack based on Hamming distance model. The combined countermeasure is implemented on Data Encryption Standard. The results show that combined countermeasure can defend DPA attack with 10⁵ power traces, and increase 40% ability against DPA attack.

The authors studied the DPA attack method and circuit level protection technology, and introduced a security circuit WDDL on FPGA and a new symmetrical routing technology. A 4-bit WDDL adder on FPGA (field programmable gate array) platform was implemented and the power consumption of the circuit was analyzed. The results show that power consumption of WDDL decreases obviously than that of the traditional circuit and WDDL circuit can reduce the correlation of power consumption and data effectively. WDDL is proved to have better anti DPA (differential power analysis) attack ability at the cost of chip size.

To study the vulnerability of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) against electromagnetic side channel attacks, based on the method of correlation electromagnetic analysis (CEMA) attack, the authors built a platform to acquire EM emanation and process data, then performed a near-field CEMA attack against an FPGA implementation of AES-128. The results indicate that the platform is able to acquire the EM emanation of the encryption chip, and can retrieve all the 16 bytes of the 10th roundkey of AES. After the optimization of processing data, the efficiency of CEMA is highly enhanced, namely the data needed to exploit the correct roundkey is greatly reduced.

According to the organic geochemical analysis including rock pyrolysis, residual organic carbon content, kerogen carbon isotope, organic maceral, vitrinite reflectance, gas chromatography of saturated hydrocarbon, etc. , a comprehensive study on organic matter abundance, type and maturity of Lower Carboniferious Nanmingshui Formation mudstone and shale outcrop samples in Shaerbulake region of Fuyun County was made, and the original sedimentary environment and bio-inputs of organic matter were discussed. The results show that the second and third member of Nanmingshui Formation with organic carbon in relatively high content belong to good source rocks. The organic matter in the second member is type Ⅱ₂and type Ⅲ, and that in the third member is type Ⅲ. The organic matter has a high degree of thermal evolution and is at the high-mature and over-mature stage. The source rocks are deposited in an open water of strong reduction and high salty. The organic matters are mainly derived from terrestrial higher plant, and mixed with few input of aquatic low organisms.