Based on the reactor unstable and low nitrogen removal rate when Partial Nitritation and Anammox (PN/A) process treat municipal wastewater, a new composite bioreactor named sequencing batch-baffled-separate membrane bioreactor (SASMBR) was designed and manufactured. This reactor was applied to the treating of municipal wastewater using PN/A process to explore the performance and analyze the operating costs of the reactor. The results showed that highly efficient and stable denitrification processes had been achieved using PN/A process in this reactor, with TN removal rate up to 80%–85%, nitrogen removal rate (NRR) up to 0.20–0.22 kgN/(m3·d) and the effluent TN concentration was below 8 mg/L. 16SrRNA gene sequencing analysis found that the baffles set inside the bioreactor could enrich ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB), which ensuring a good treating performance of the reactor. Non-woven fabrics in the SASMBR could effectively retain anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB), and the increasing abundance of AOB in the SASMBR could provide anaerobic environment and NO₂^--N substrate for the growth of AnAOB. As such, the combination inevitably accelerated the quick startup of the reactor and maintained its highly efficient and stable running. The operating costs was 0.307 yuan/m³ which was significantly lower than the traditional municipal wastewater treatment plants.

基于目前短程硝化–厌氧氨氧化(partial nitritation and anammox, PN/A)工艺处理城镇污水中反应器运行不稳定和氮去除负荷低的问题, 本文设计一种新型复合生物反应器: 序批式–折流板–分置膜生物反应器(sequencing batch-baffled-separate membrane bioreactor, SASMBR)。将该反应器应用于PN/A工艺处理城镇污水, 探究反应器的性能, 并对SASMBR运行PN/A工艺的运行成本进行分析。结果表明, 采用SASMBR 反应器运行PN/A工艺处理城镇污水, 能够实现高效稳定的脱氮效果, TN去除率达到80%~85%, 氮素去除负荷(nitrogen removal rate, NRR)达到0.20~0.22 kgN/(m^-3·d^-1), 出水TN浓度维持在8 mg/L以下。16S rRNA基因测序分析发现, 短程硝化SASMBR反应器内设置的折流板能够富集氨氧化细菌(ammonia oxidation bacteria, AOB), 确保短程硝化SASMBR反应器的良好性能; 厌氧氨氧化SASMBR内固定在折流板两侧的无纺布可以有效地持留厌氧氨氧化菌(ammonium oxidizing bacteria, AnAOB), 同时, 厌氧氨氧化SASMBR内丰度升高的AOB可以为AnAOB 提供生长的厌氧环境和 NO₂^--N 基质, 使厌氧氨氧化SASMBR反应器能够快速启动和高效稳定运行。SASMBR的运行成本为0.037 元/m³, 比传统城镇污水处理厂的运行成本大幅度降低。