Abstract: The simulating experiment constructed a series of "wetland buckets" containing soil polluted by petroleum and some wetland plants from the Yellow River Delta. Through monitoring the growth of wetland plants (mainly common reed and cattails) and assaying O/G and TPH in soils according to timelapse, the function of wetland degrading oil pollution was validated. The petroleum pollutants in the surface layer of soil were decreased by eluviations and degradation. For some wetland plants such as reed and cattail, a small quantity of petroleum pollutants did not form deadly menace, their growing tallness was positive correlated with water deepness. Therefore, wetland buffer can be constructed to reduce the impact of petroleum pollution and plant adaptive wetland vegetation so as to improve the environment of oil field.

Key words: simulation experiment, wetland, petroleum pollution, Yellow River Delta

摘要： 模拟实验中建立了一系列不同状态的“湿地桶”，桶中装有从黄河三角洲采集的被石油污染的土壤和当地的湿地植物。通过监测湿地植物（芦苇、香蒲等）的长势和化验土壤中总石油烃（TPH）及油和脂（O/G）随时间的变化，以探讨湿地状态对石油污染和植物长势的影响。结果显示：湿地环境对土壤中的石油污染有明显的降解作用，芦苇等挺水植物的生长量与积水深度呈正相关，土壤中少量含油并不构成对湿地植物生长的威胁。此实验可为建立油田的湿地缓冲带提供科学依据。

关键词: 模拟实验, 湿地, 石油污染, 黄河三角洲