The historical method and benchmarking method ignore the responsibility transfer among industrial sectors which result from embodied energy consumption. The author established a quotas optimization model considering the responsibility transfer among industrial sectors based on input-output analysis and consumer responsibility, and conducted case studies taking 2025 as the target year. The results show that under “historical and benchmarking method”, the tasks of energy conservation and emission reduction will be mainly undertaken by sectors of energy supply raw and material production with weak energy intensity reduction targets in the future. The quota optimization process considering the responsibility transfer among industrial sectors is divided into two stages: historical quota compensation and trend quota correction. The author designed a scenario of weak stable development which considered the impact of COVID-19. After quota optimization which is carried out with direct and total industrial energy consumption as the core indicators, the responsibility for energy conservation and emission reduction are extended from the sectors of energy supply and raw material production to the discrete manufacturing sector. The main beneficiary sectors are textile sector, papermaking and printing sector, manufacture of wood and furniture. Due to the quota flow relationship among various sectors, the energy sector, mining and quarrying, foods, textile, papermaking, petrochemical, metal smelting sectors, manufacture of electrical machinery can preferentially access to the energy consumption right quotas trading market. This work provides suggestions for the operation of China’s energy consumption rights trading market.

针对常规的历史法和标杆值法对部门间因隐含能源消费转移导致的节能减排责任转移考虑不足这一问题, 基于投入产出法从消费者责任角度建立纳入部门转移责任的配额优化模型, 并以2025年为目标年进行案例研究, 得到如下结果: 1) 在“历史+标杆值”法思路下, 中国未来节能减排任务将主要由能源强度削减目标较低的能源供应和原材料生产部门承担; 2) 将纳入部门转移责任的配额优化过程分解为历史性配额补偿和趋势性配额修正两阶段, 设计考虑新冠疫情冲击的弱平稳发展情景, 以部门直接、完全能耗强度为核心指标进行配额优化, 节能减排责任由高度集中于能源供应和原材料生产部门, 向离散制造业部门延伸; 3) 配额优化的主要受益部门是纺织业、造纸印刷和文体用品制造业、木材加工和家具制造业等; 4) 按照部门间配额流动活跃度, 能源、采掘、食品、纺织、造纸印刷、石化、钢铁有色和电气机械等部门可考虑优先纳入用能权市场。研究结果可为我国用能权交易市场的试点及推广提供参考。