Abstract: The authors investigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the Chinese economy by producing sectors from production-based and consumption-based perspectives. A sectoral GHG emissions matrix is built based on Chinese Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment (EIO-LCA) Model 2007 to incorporate the two perspectives in the same analysis framework. This matrix provides a better understanding of the relationship between GHG emissions from production and final demand. The results show that electric and heat power sector contributes the most direct emissions, 36.24% of total emissions, of which 93.91% are due to the production for other sectors, especially construction sector. Final demand for construction sector acounts for the highest embodied emissions, 29.79% of total emissions, of which 97.10% are emitted in other sectors of the supply chain, especially electric and heat power sector. Electric and heat power sector holds the top embodied emission intensity of 9.88 ton CO₂-eq/104 yuan, of which direct emission intensity contributes 89.70%.

Key words: EIO-LCA, matrix of sectoral greenhouse gas emissions, production-based emission accounting, consumption-based emission accounting

摘要： 基于中国2007年经济投入产出生命周期评价(EIO-LCA)模型, 构建了部门温室气体排放矩阵, 从生产和需求两个视角分析了温室气体排放在部门间的分布结构。此方法将两个分析视角整合在同一个框架内, 能更好地认识温室气体排放与部门生产和最终需求的关系。结果表明: 1) 从生产角度看, 电力、热力的生产和供应业的直接排放量最大, 占2007年排放总量的36.24%, 其中93.91%的排放因给其他部门的生产活动提供电力和热力而产生, 尤其是建筑; 2) 从需求角度看, 建筑业的隐含排放量最大, 占总量的29.79%, 其中97.10%的隐含排放量由生产链中的其他部门产生, 尤其是电力、热力的生产和供应业; 3) 从单位产出的排放看, 电力、热力的生产和供应业的隐含排放量最大, 为9.88 t CO₂-eq/万元, 其中直接排放占隐含排放的百分比为89.70%。

关键词: EIO-LCA, 部门温室气体排放矩阵, 生产视角, 需求视角