Abstract: In order to reveal the impact of rapid urbanization on watershed eco-environment, this paper establishes a pressure-effect-social response (PESR) model which is used to assess the regional ecological risk based on the pressure-state-response (PSR) framework model. The results show that, ERI of the watershed suffered some degree of reduction from 1993 to 2007, from level Ⅳ to level Ⅲ. PI increased continuously, and EI remained stable, while SRI decreased significantly with the strengthening of environmental protection measures. The assessment results show that despite the increasing pressure of society, the strengthening environmental protection measures could mitigate the risk dramatically.

Key words: ecological risk, urbanization, PSR, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, Shenzhen River

摘要： 从生态风险变化的角度出发, 在PSR(pressure-state-response)模型的基础上建立了流域综合生态风险评价的压力-效应-社会响应模型(pressure-effect-social-response,PESR), 探讨了快速城市化对深圳河流域生态环境的影响。结果表明: 1993?2007年期间深圳河流域的综合生态风险有所减小, 风险等级由1993年的较高级降至2007年的中级; 压力指数(PI)随着社会经济的不断发展逐渐增长, 效应指数(EI)基本保持稳定, 而社会响应指数(SRI)随着环保措施的加强而逐渐减小。综合生态风险的结果表明, 尽管社会经济压力不断增大, 但是环境保护措施的加强对缓解风险作用显著, 整体上会使得生态风险下降。

关键词: 生态风险, 城市化, PSR, 模糊综合评价, 深圳河