Abstract: A new method for modeling environmental management and planning is suggested to support the goal of improving environmental quality. Based on the analysis of the relationships between environmental impacts and economic growth, characteristic curves for environmental management were developed. Four significant points were distinguished on the environmental impact curve: the separation point, the culmination point, the descent point and the recovery point. For each point, the year of occurrence was callulated and estimated the dimensionless eigenvalues for economic growth (social GDP) and two environmental parameters, eco-efficiency and environmental impact were estimated. The application of the characteristic curves was illustrated through an analysis on the environmental impacts of Fe,Cu,Zn,Pb, and Hg in China. In addition, a 50 year management plan for environmental parameters related to these five metals and analyze the possibility of realization through some typical examples was presented.

Key words: environmental improvement, economic growth, environmental impact, eco-efficiency, characteristic point, eigenvalue

摘要： 提出了一种以改善环境质量为目的的环境管理规划新方法。从分析环境负荷与经济发展的关系出发，获得了环境管理特征曲线。提出了对环境管理具有重要意义的4个环境负荷特征点：分离点、涨停点、下降点和恢复点。计算了特征点发生的年份，以及经济增长(社会GDP)和另外两个环境参数，即生态效率和环境负荷等参数的无因次特征值。以中国Fe、Cu、Zn、Pb和Hg的环境负荷为例，说明了环境管理特征曲线在环境管理与规划中的应用方法，除此之外，对这5种金属有关的环境参数做出了近50年的管理规划，并通过典型案例分析了环境管理目标实现的可能性。

关键词: 经济增长, 环境影响, 生态效率, 特征点, 特征值