Abstract: Taking composite Landsat 5 TM (Thematic Mapper) images of band 4，3 and 2 take n in 1988 and 2000 respectively as data sources，this investigation carried out studies on land use / land cover changes（LUCC）in Heihe River Basin according to land resources classification system of 1∶100 000 in Resources and Environmental Data base of Chinese Academy of Science．The results show that great changes have taken place in land use/land cover in Heihe River Basin during the period of 1988-2000：（1） Changes of land use structure show that cropland and urban and constructed land increased; but water body and grassland decreased．These changes reflect the deterioration of the eco-environment and the acceleration of urbanization，and also present the problems existing in the arrangement of water and land resources between upper and lower reaches of Heihe River．（2） Regional differences of land use/land cover are evident．In the upper reaches，water area decreased，and grassland and unused land increased to a great extent；however,the changes of forestland and urban land were not evident.In the middle reaches，cultivated land and urban land increased greatly．On the contrary，grassland decreased rapidly．In the lower reaches，water area shrank obviously，grassland degraded seriously，unused land increas ed largely，and the ecoenvironment was badly destroyed．The causes of LUCC and the approaches realizing sustainable land use were probed．

Key words: Heihe River Basin, land use and land cover change（LUCC）, geographical information system（GIS）

摘要： 利用1988年和2000年Landsat 5的4、3、2（RGB）波段合成影像解译结果，采用中国科学院资源环境数据库中的全国1∶10万土地资源利用分类系统，基于GIS（ArcView 3.2a）对黑河流域近12年来土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）进行了研究。结果表明：（1） 土地利用结构变化表现出耕地、林地和城镇用地明显增加，草地和水域减少的趋势，反映出区域城镇化进程加快和生态环境恶化的趋势；（2） LUCC的区域差异显著：上游地区水域在减少，草地和未利用地大量增加，林地和城镇用地变化不大；中游地区耕地、城镇用地大量增加，草地急剧减少；下游地区水域面积大量减少，草场严重退化，未利用地大量增加，生态环境遭到严重破坏。最后，对研究区LUCC的原因和土地持续利用途径进行了讨论。

关键词: 黑河流域, 土地利用/覆被变化, 地理信息系统