Abstract: The solvent extraction of gold from alkaline cyanide solution by tetradecyldimethylbenzylammounium chloride(TDMBA) was described by labeled ¹⁹⁸Au. The influence of several variables such as gold and cosolvent concentrations, shaking times, the ratio of TDMBA and gold on the extraction of gold(I) and the water concentration of the organic phase were studied. While the cosolvent ratio is more than 10%, in the TDMBA system, gold(I) was extracted completely. The gold extraction mechanism was discussed on the bases of water concentrations of organic phases and Infrared Spectrum. It was found that the aggregation ratio of TDMBA and Au(CN)₂^- is 1∶1.

Key words: solvent extraction, tetradecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, KAu(CN)₂, labelled ¹⁹⁸Au

摘要： 用放射性核素¹⁹⁸Au示踪法研究了季铵盐十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵(TDMBA)从碱性氰化液中萃取金，考察了水相金浓度、助溶剂含量、萃取时间、季铵盐与KAu(CN)₂摩尔比值n_r等因素对萃取率的影响，并研究了有机相的连续萃取、有机相金含量与水含量的关系。结果表明，助溶剂体积比10%以上时，十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵对金具有萃取能力强，平衡时间短的特点。季铵盐阳离子与Au(CN)₂^-结合比为1∶1,符合离子缔合机理。

关键词: 溶剂萃取, 十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵, KAu(CN)₂, ¹⁹⁸Au核素示踪法