Abstract: The atmosphere is known as a source of heat noise in microwave bands. By means of ground-based reception of atmospheric emission cons-tituted mainly by oxygen, water vapour, cloud and rain, we could get the atmospheric temperature profile, humidity and the parameters of cloud and rain. By using atmospheric noise reception of 1.35cm water vapour absorptionband and 8mm window band, we could obtain the atmospheric total water vapourcontent and liquid water content of cloud. We have constructed a dual channelmicrowave radiometer and conducted observation experiments in Hebei and Shanxi provinces. In this paper the calibration of the radiometer output datais discussed in detail. It can be used in the experimental research of the cloud-radiation characters and making use of natural water resources in the sky.

Key words: radiation transfer, microwave radiometer, calibration

摘要： 根据微波在大气中的辐射传输理论，采用接收1.35cm和8mm波段的大气噪音，推算大气中水汽和液态水含量。研制了双通道微波辐射计，进行遥感实验。文章中对微波辐射计测得的数据如何进行校正，展开了详细的讨论，这将在监测和利用空中水资源的科学实验中发挥作用。

关键词: 辐射传输, 微波辐射计, 校正