Abstract:

Using hydrochars as template, TiO₂ photocatalysts were prepared by the sol-gel method. The samples were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier infrared spectrum (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and BET specific surface area measurement. The photocatalytic activity was investigated by degradation of methyl orange (MO) as target pollutant in the solution. The results showed that HTC-TiO₂ remained anatase type at high calcination temperature due to the higher thermal stability than TiO₂. The TiO2 particles were almost uniformly dispersed on the surface of HTC. HTC-TiO₂ had smaller crystal sizes, bigger specific surface area and the flake structure, which had the same structure character as the hydrochars micro-structure and was beneficial to improve the photocatalytic activity. The degradation rate of MO under 550 W iodine-tungsten lamp illumination for 2 hours was 40.6% in presence of HTC-TiO₂ calcined at 450ºC, which increased by 1.5 times more than those in presence of TiO₂ (16.2%).

Key words: hydrochars, TiO₂, sol-gel method, methyl orange, photocatalysis

摘要：

以水热炭为模板, 采用溶胶–凝胶法制备TiO₂光催化剂, 并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和BET比表面积测定等方法, 对催化剂的物相、组成、形貌和比表面积等进行表征。通过光催化降解甲基橙溶液, 评价样品的光催化性能。研究结果表明: 与TiO₂相比, 以水热炭为模板制备的HTC-TiO₂具有更高的热稳定性, 在煅烧温度较高时仍保持锐钛矿型。HTC-TiO₂具有水热炭的片状结构特征, TiO₂颗粒在HTC表面分散较好, 晶体粒径更小, 比表面积增加, 从而提高其光催化活性。当煅烧温度为450ºC时, 以水热炭为模板制备的HTC-TiO₂对甲基橙的降解率在550 W碘钨灯光照2小时后达到40.6%, 光催化效率比TiO₂(16.2%)提高1.5倍。

关键词: 水热炭; TiO₂, 溶胶–凝胶法, 甲基橙, 光催化