Abstract: A full carbon emission calculation method is proposed, whose accounts include energy consumption carbon emission, potential carbon consumption of biomass resource consumption, and potential carbon consumption of waste emission. The solar emergy is used as a tool of the same normalized dimension for calculating the amount of full carbon emission. Based on the full carbon emission calculation, population carrying capacity of one unit carbon emission, economic output of one unit carbon emission, and per capita disposable income of one unit carbon emission are considered into one package to construct an index to evaluate the carbon efficiency and development coordination level of a region, and the index is named carbon emission performance integrated index. Taking Beijing and Chongqing as examples, an assessment is made from 2001 to 2011 with the result that the proportion of energy consumption carbon emission in the full carbon emission of the two cities is raised continuously, which indicates that even in the view of full carbon emission, energy consumption is still the main factor affecting carbon emission; however, the effects from modes of both life and production on carbon emission also cannot be neglected. Compared with the traditional carbon efficiency evaluation with only energy carbon emission and carbon production rate considered, the carbon integrated performance evaluation based on “full carbon emission calculation” can fairly and objectively reflect carbon performance of a region, thus it provides a scientific method to identify the responsibility of regional carbon emission reduction.

Key words: full carbon emission calculation, carbon performance evaluation, emergy transmission, responsibility of carbon emission reduction

摘要： 提出“全碳排”核算方法, 其核算账户包括能源消耗碳排放、生物质资源消费潜在碳耗用和废弃物排放潜在碳耗用; 以太阳能值为量纲归一化工具, 进行全碳排放量核算; 以全碳排核算为基础, 综合考虑单位碳排人口承载量、单位碳排经济产出量和单位碳排人均可支配收入获取量等信息, 构建能够反映碳效率和发展协调度的碳排放绩效综合指数, 以衡量一个地区的碳绩效。以北京市和重庆市为例, 评价2001—2011 年间的碳排放综合绩效。结果显示: 两个城市的能源消耗碳排在全碳排总量中所占比重不断上升, 可见即使从全碳排视角来看, 能源消费仍是影响碳排放的最主要因素; 两个城市三个方面的分指标值差异较大, 可见不同的生产水平对碳排影响不容忽视; 较之仅考虑能源碳排及碳生产率的传统碳效率评估, 基于“全碳排”核算的碳综合绩效评价, 可以更为公平客观地反映一个地区的碳绩效, 为地区碳减排责任认定提供科学参考。

关键词: 全碳排核算, 碳绩效评价, 能值转换, 碳减排责任