Abstract: The methods of land ecological sensitivity analysis were discussed, based on the concept of “protection goes first” to the construction land pattern. With a combination of comprehensive index method, fuzzy evaluation method and RS/GIS approach, an integrated method of construction land suitability assessment was proposed. It offers three factors that mainly influence the construction land-use environment including land ecological sensitivity, natural condition and social economy environment, and it introduces the fuzzy membership functions to improve the model algorithm. The evaluation results would hierarchically display different land ecological sensitivity endowment and land-use environment, which leads to analyze the construction land spatial distribution in a land ecological security pattern. Taking Xiangjiang New District of Changsha City as a case, 14 indexes were chosen in accordance with the local conditions, to assess construction land suitability of this area. The results objectively show the region’s land ecological environment and land-use condition, and give an ecological security spatial arrangement of the construction land pattern, which can provide guidance to land-use planning of the “resource-economical and environment-friendly” society.

Key words: land ecological sensitivity, construction land suitability, fuzzy evaluation method, RS/GIS, spatial pattern, Xiangjiang New District, Changsha City

摘要： 探讨土地生态敏感性分析的理论与方法, 基于土地生态环境“先保护后开发”的理念, 提出以生态敏感性、自然条件和社会经济条件作为建设用地适宜性的主要影响要素, 选取14 个指标构建多因素综合评价模型, 其评价体系包括基本因素层、派生因素层和指标层三个层次, 并引入模糊隶属度函数改进模型算法, 形成综合评价法、模糊评判法和RS/GIS 相结合的区域建设用地适宜性评价方法, 结果分等级显示土地生态敏感程度和建设用地适宜性程度的空间分布, 根据土地生态敏感性分析结果, 划定区域建设用地的生态安全格局。在方法研究的基础上, 以长沙市湘江新区为例, 基于2010 年土地利用现状数据和遥感影像数据, 定量评价该区域土地生态敏感性和建设用地适宜性, 根据评价结果得到保障土地生态安全的建设用地格局。评价结果较为客观地反映了该区域土地生态环境和土地利用状况, 对于适用“两型”社会建设的土地利用规划具有指导意义。

关键词: 生态敏感性, 建设用地适宜性评价, 模糊评判法, RS/GIS, 空间格局, 长沙市湘江新区