Table of Content

20 July 1999, Volume 34 Issue 4

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Effects of Exogenous IAA and GA on Regen-eration of Vascular Tissues and Periderm in Broussonetia papyrifera Stems after Removal of the Xylem

WANG Zhen,CUI Keming

1999, 35(4):  459-466. 

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The application of IAA alone or together with GA to the apex of disbudded and defoliated 1- or 2-year-old Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent.treelet stems could induce formation of a new trunk-like structure after removal of the central cylinder of xylem and pith. Applying GA together with IAA decreased the number of various tissue cells in the IAA-induced new trunk-like structure. However treatment with GA by itself promoted callus formation and inhibited new periderm, cambium and vascular tissues differentiation.

FT-IR Study on the Precipitates of Bovine Serum Albumin Reacted with Calcium Hydroxyapatite

SHEN Yuhua,YANG Zhanlan,WU Jinguang

1999, 35(4):  431-436. 

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Calcium hydroxyapatite [Ca₁₀(OH)₂(PO₄)₆] and protein are main compositions of bones and tooth of animals. Study on the interaction between calcium hydroxyapatite and protein is helpful for understanding the mechanism of mineralization in organism. The aim of this paper was to examine a series of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-calcium hydroxyapatite precipitates prepared with various initial mole ratio of solid calcium hydroxyapatite and BSA in solution by using FTIR spectroscopy. The results showed that the water-insoluble BSA-calcium hydroxyapatite complexes were formed by reaction of solid calcium hydroxyapatite with BSA in solution. The compositions of the complexes are nonstoichiometric. There are strong interaction between the amide of BSA and P-O or Ca²⁺ of calcium hydroxyapatite by hydrogen or coordinating bonds in the complexes. It suggested that the complicated interactions of calcium hydroxyapatite with protein made the BSA-rotein complexes exhibit the special bio-founctions.

Studies on the Application of Mimetic Peroxidase for the Determination of Glucose and Immunoassay

YAO Fengji,WANG Lintao,CI Yunxiang

1999, 35(4):  437-440. 

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The catalytic characteristics of Mn-TPPS₄ as mimesis of peroxidase on chromogenic reaction of hydrogen peroxide with o-phenylenediamine have been studied and characteristics of Mn-TPPS₄ were compared with those of horseradish peroxidase. The glucose in human serum has been determined by the proposed reaction combining with catalytic reaction of glucose oxidase with satisfactory results. Labeling of bovine serum albumin(BSA) with Mn-TPPS₄ was carried. Results in studied active of the labeling reagent shown promising for an immunoassay.

Reduction of Amino Acids Containing Hydroxy Side Chain to β-Amino Alcohol and Preparation of Their Peptide Alcohol

SUN Binyuan,TIAN Guiling,WANG Wei,JIN Ning,YE Yunhua

1999, 35(4):  441-445. 

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A convenient reduction of threonine and serine without protection of their hydroxy group to threoninol and serinol was reported. Preparation of peptide alcohol containing c-threoninol and serinol by using a new organophosphorus compound DEPBT as coupling reagent was also studied and discussed.

A Photoelectrochemistry Study of Nanocrystalline ZnO Nanoporous Film Electrodes Co-sensitized by CdS/Ru(II) Complex

LI Weihua,HAO Yanzhong,WANG Yanqin,QIAO Xuebing,YANG Maizhi,CAI Shengmin

1999, 35(4):  446-452. 

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The photoelectrochemical behaviors of nanocrystalline ZnO electrodes co-sensitized by CdS and Ru(II) complex were investigated by the photocurrent action spectra, the pattern of photocurrent-electrode potential and UV-Vis absorption spectra. It was verified that the photocurrents of ZnO electrodes sensitized by CdS and Ru(II) complex was larger than that of ZnO electrodes sensitized by CdS or Ru(II) complex. The back electron transfer was inhibited through co-sensitizing of electrode and the loss of electron was decreased. Co-sensitizing of the electrode enlarged the visible absorption, the generation of photocurrent extended into the region of the wavelength longer than 600nm and the efficiency of light to electricity increased obviously.

Cloning, Sequencing of Pea cop1 cDNA and Its Expression in E.coli

ZHAO Li,DUAN Xueyan,WANG Chunxia,WU Xiangyu

1999, 35(4):  453-458. 

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Existing evidences show that cop1 (Constitutive Photomorphogenic 1) is a key photomorphogenic repressor in Arabidopsis thaliana. The cDNA of cop1 gene in pea (Pisum sativum) was cloned from a pea cDNA library with Arabidopsis thaliana cop1 cDNA as a probe. Sequencing analysis revealed that its full length was 2863bp, including 604bp of 5' untranslated region, 243 bp of 3' untranslated region and 2016bp coding region for 672 amino acids. Pea cop1 gene was highly expressed in E.coli. Homology analysis of cop1 from Arbidopsis thaliana, pea and tomato revealed that cop1 might be an evolutionarily very conserved protein.

Cloning of 129 Mouse Chromogranin A cDNA 5' Fragment and Chromogranin A Gene

LIU Xiaodong,WU Heling

1999, 35(4):  467-473. 

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A 129 mouse chromogranin A cDNA 5' fragment was cloned by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method, using 129 mouse brain tissues as starting materials. The DNA sequence of the cloned RT-PCR product was analyzed, and it was shown that the sequence was the same as in the reference. A positive phage plaque was obtained from a 129 mouse genomic library by using the cloned fragment as probe. The restriction map of the cloned 129 CgA gene was analyzed and compared with that in the reference.

Studies on Purification and Properties of Glutathione S-transferase from Asian corn Borer

MA Suyong,ZHOU Xianwan,ZHANG Tingfang

1999, 35(4):  474-479. 

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Glutathione S-transferase(GST) was purified from larvae of Asian corn borer(Ostrina furnacalis) by Sephadex G-75, DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and reduced glutathione(GSH) affinity chromatography. The specific activity determined by 2, 4-Dinitrochlorobenzene(CDNB) and GSH as substrates is 1070 U/mg protein. The purification fold is 1138 and the total recovered activity is 22.9%. SDS-PAGE and PAGE showed one band and the molecular weight of the subunit is 25kD and is 50kD determined by gel exclusion, which indicates that the enzyme is composed of two identical subunits. The pI point of the enzyme is 8.2. The kinetics constants of the purified GST toward substrate were investigated. For CDNB, K_m is 0.15mmol/L, k_cat is 783s^-1, and for GSH, K_m is 0.35mmol/L, k_cat is 783s^-1. The reaction mechanism of GST for bisubstrate is sequential mechanism by kinetic research. The optimum temperature is 41^oC and the optimum pH range is 6.3-6.9. The enzyme is inhibited by Cl^- and 3, 5-oic Acid. The kind of inhibition by Cl^- is competitive for CDNB and non-competitive for GSH, respectively. The kind of inhibition by 3, 5-Dinitrobenzoic Acid is competitive for CDNB and un-competitive for GSH, respectively.

Studies on Calcium Binding Proteins in Brassica Campestris Pollen

DONG Aiwu,ZHAO Tao,LI Xiaodong,ZHANG Tingfang

1999, 35(4):  480-486. 

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Both Calmodulin(CaM) and a Neo-Calcium Binding Protein(NCBP) were purified from Brassica campestris pollen by phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B hydrophobic chromatography and DEAE-F.F. ion exchange chromatography. Two proteins were shown to be homogeneous by SDS-PAGE, PAGE and IEF. Molecular weights and pI points of pollen CaM and NCBP are 18.8 and 16.3 kD, 3.6 and 4.2 respectively. Pollen CaM can activate bovine heart cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, pollen NCBP is not notable. Pollen CaM shows Calcium ion effect in both SDS-PAGE and PAGE, while NCBP only does in PAGE. The amino acid composition of pollen CaM and NCBP is different, both contain more acidic amino acids and a Cys, but lack Trp. Both of their N-terminus are blocked and C-terminus of pollen CaM is -Met-Ala-Lys-COOH. Their peptide maps in HPLC and CD spectrums are different. The Cys of pollen CaM was modified by DTNB and the PDE activity by CaM activation is marked descent. From above we can conclude that pollen NCBP is a new Calcium Binding Protein different from pollen CaM.

Construction and Expression of a Recombinant Antibody-targeted Plasminogen Activator

YANG Jiashu,JIANG Pengchen,RU Binggen

1999, 35(4):  487-495. 

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A novel plasminogen activator was constructed using scFv of SZ51 as targeted molecule, and scu-PA-32k as effect molecule. SZ51 was a monoclonal antibody of GMP140 on activated human platelets. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the region of V_K and V_H from Fab of SZ51, and scu-PA-32k(leu144-leu411) from urokinase gene, respectively. Through suitable linker and appropriate restriction sites, these fragments were joined together and inserted into the expression vector, pET-5a, via Nde I site. After transforming in E.coli BL21 (DE3) plyS and inducing with IPTG, the recombinant protein was expressed in inclusion bodies. It was shown in Western-Blotting that the protein could interact weakly with the multiple clonal antibody of urokinase in 8 mol/L of Urea. After renaturation and partial purification, the product had a strong fibrinolytic activity through activating plasminogen on fibrin plate, the specific activity was about 17500 IU/mg, which showed the recombinant protein restored the activity of u-PA quiet well. The yield was almost 1.5mg/100g wet bacteria.

Cytological Studies on the Formation of Female Gametophyte and Development of Archegonia in Ginkgo Biloba

JI Chengjun,YANG Xiong,LI ZhengliLee CL

1999, 35(4):  496-502. 

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Following approximately a dozen of multiple divisions of producing about 2000 nuclei, the cell wall of the female gametophyte of Ginkgo biloba began to form centripedally. The archegonial initials could be distinguished from the peripheral cells at the micropyle end of the female gametophyte before the completion of the wall formation where the cell wall had reached the center of the gametophyte. Usually there were two archegonia in a female gametophyte which developed asynchronously at first, and gradually developed in concert. Great structural and morphological changes in the neck cell and the central cell took place during the archegonial development. The two neck cells of the archegonium divided to form four neck cells before fertilization, this division happened prior to the division of the central cell, but at times they divided synchronously. The initiation and development of archegonia in Gingko, compared with those of cycads, were liked to be more primitive at the evolutional level.

Like-Intermediate Filament System in Euglena gracilis

FENG Lei,GAO Chongming,LI Yinzhen

1999, 35(4):  503-508. 

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After using three consecutive extractions and DGD-free process to treat Euglena gracilis, we get well-defined cytoskeleton network. The photos of electron microscopy show that like-intermediate filaments, which often appear short and in bundle, exist both in nuclear and in protoplasm. The diameter of a single filament is 12-14nm. The molecular weight determined by Western-blotting proves the main like-IF is a 66kD protein. The immunofluorescence illustrates that the 66kD protein mainly appears at the surfaces of organelle and plasma membrane.

Organic Matters from the Fossil-bearing Phosphorites of the Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation in Guizhou, South China

YIN Chungu,ZHANG Yun,JIANG Naihuang

1999, 35(4):  509-517. 

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The Neoproterozoic Doushantuo phosphorite has been well known for its well-preserved multicellular thallophytes, animal embryos, acritarchs, bacteria and other organism's remains. An organic geochemical analysis of the fossil-bearing phosphorite samples has been carried out and yielded the following results: (1) the extracted organic matters show relatively high maturity, the maximum pyrolitic temperature (t_max) is 597℃; (2) the extracted organic fractions are composed mainly of non-hydrocarbons and asphaltenes, and the content of hydrocarbons less than 20%; (3) GC-MS analysis of the extracts shows a normal alkane distribution pattern with a wide range of carbon atom numbers, distinct peaks that represent the n-alkanes between n-C19 and n-C31 can be seen in the mass spectrum, an odd-even predominance of the alkanes is also distinct; (4) in addition to the alkanes, the hydrocarbons fractions contain terpane, steranes, aromatics and isoprenoids. The composition of the pounds, specially the biomarkers from the extracts of the phosphorite samples, indicate that the main sources of the organic matters are the non-vascular plants, protists, bacteria and archaeobacteria; these organisms lived in the basin during Neoproterozoic time, and their remains were preserved in the phosphate deposit. Some of the biomarkers indicate the depositional environment of the phosphorites: strong reduced condition, high salinity and low terrigenous input. Some aromatics, such as benzo-fluoranthrenes, methyl-phenathrene, pyrene and benzo-pyrene, were possibly formed and transported from local hydrothermal or volcanic activities of nearby region. These match well with the sedimentological observation.

A Study on Purification of the Eutrophic Water Body with Economical Plants Siollessly Cultivated on Artificial Substratum

LIU Shuyuan,REN Jiuchang,YOU Wenhui

1999, 35(4):  518-522. 

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The purification of eutrophic water body was studied by means of soilless cultiation technique on artificial substratum. In lab test, three spices plants: Oenanthe decumbens, Lolium multiflorum and Ipomoea aquatica. Forsk grew well and the removing rates of TN, NH₄-N, NO₃-N, TP, PO₄-P were as high as 80%. The soilless cultivation technique on artificial substratum was studied in order to purify the eutrophic water body and to get considerable economic benefit at the same time. The application prospect of the means was discussed also.

Study on Niche and Community Succession of Submerged Macrophyte in Jing-Mi Canal, Beijing

REN Jiuchang,DAI Changliang,DONG Wei,QIAO Jianrong

1999, 35(4):  523-528. 

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Through field investigation, the niches of macrophyte such as Potamogeton crispus, Chara vertillibracteata, P.malaianus, Vallisneria spiralis have been carried on in Jing-mi Canal.Niche overlap among species causes species competition and exclusion among species, and niche separation among species causes species harmonic coexistence.The distribution of submerged macrophyte communities in the Jing-mi Canal results from the cooperation of niche overlap and separation.When perennial transporting water in the canal, P.crispus is due to temporal niche separation from other species and no other species to compete the space, becomes the dominant species;at the same time, Chara vertillibracteata winters in the way of dense netlike space structure and occupies quickly the spatial niche. When without transporting water in winter, Vallisneria spiralis L becomes the dominant species in soft silt and shallower water, but P.malaianus becomes the dominant species in hard silt and deeper water. The applications of Niche Theory in controlling the succession of weed community are discussed in this paper.

An Experimental Study for Atmospheric Chemistry of soprene with OH Radicals in the Presence of NO_x

LI Shuang,CHEN Zhongming,LIU Zhaorong,SHAO Kesheng,TANG Xiaoyan

1999, 35(4):  529-534. 

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The experimental simulation was employed to study the atmospheric chemistry of isoprene with OH radicals in the presence of NO_x, using long-path Fourier transform infrared (LP-FTIR) method. OH radical was produced from photodissociation of CH₃ONO under irradiation of black lights. Results showed that carbonyl compounds, organic nitrates, HCOOH and CO, were formed. Methacrolein (CH₂=C(CH₃)CHO), methyl vinyl ketone (CH₃C(O)CH=CH₂) and HCHO were identified. At the temperature of 298K and the pressure of 93.3kPa, yields of methacrolein and methyl vinyl ketone were (20.8±1.5)% and (33.4±2.2)% respectively. The pressure variation did not influence their yields. Finally the reaction of isoprene with OH radical in the presence of NO_x was discussed briefly.

Diagenesis of the Jurassic Sandstone in the South to the Altyn Tagh

ZHANG Zhicheng,GUO Zhaojie,GUAN Ping,ZHANG Chen,JIANG Qinhua

1999, 35(4):  535-541. 

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With numerous observations of thin sections and casting sections of the rocks, and the application of various analytical techniques including X ray diffraction, the main diagenesis, pore evolution and the characteristics of diagenetic sequence in the Jurassic reservoir sandstone in Tula Basin, southern Altyn Tagh, Xinjiang, are carefully studied. It is concluded that the pore evolution is both controlled by depositional conditions and affected by burial diagenesis. Compaction is the major factors turning the pore texture of the sandstone worse. Cementation of the carbonate is very weak in the early diagenesis period, and this make the dissolution weak too. The strong compaction and weak cementation are of importance that form the result of the worse reservoir space. Modified by tectonics, the clastic rocks became the better reservoir of oil and gas with its high porosity and permeability in the Tula Basin.

Zircon Evaporation Ages and Their Geological Significance from Granitoid of the Jianping Metamorphic Complex, Western Liaoning Province

WANG Changqiu,CUI Wenyuan,A.Kroner

1999, 35(4):  542-549. 

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Jianping metamorphic Complex, the lowest section of the Archaean terrain from the Western Liaoning Province, is composed of discontinuous supra-crustal rocks, an amount of TTG rocks and some other plutons. Single zircon ages for TTG series and some other plutons obtained by the Pb evaporation method show that intrusion of TTG series began at 2521Ma and reached a peak at about 2500Ma. This was followed by high-grade metamorphic and deformed event, transforming the above assemblages into graulites, charnockites and enderbites some 2483-2490Ma. The intrusion of post tectonic granites in 2472Ma associated with regional retrogression ends the evolution of this area. A likely tectonic setting in which the Jianping metamorphic Complex was formed is an active continental margin that is involved in continental collision and crustal thickening shortly after its formation.

The Remote Sensing Study on the Characteristics of Forest-steppe Ecotone

GUO Qinghua,YU Hong,CAO Yanli,ZHANG Zepu

1999, 35(4):  550-557. 

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Based on the NOAA AVHRR data and GIS software, we studied on the characteristics of forest-steppe ecotone in the southern edge of Inner Mongolia Plateau. The pattern of NDVI was analyzed through 12 monthly NOAA AVHRR data of the years 1992-1993. Meanwhile, we used standardized principal components as a compressed tool to analysis the working area. And then two principal components was extracted, we found that the component 1 stood for the cumulative NDVI which meant the total biomass; the component 2 represented the variance between the hot months and the cold months which amounted to the fluctuation from the growing periods to the un-growing periods. The component 1 was gradually increased vie the steppe to the forest coincide with the component 2. Finally, the working area was classified by the two principal components, the result of classification is satisfying. It proved that the standardized principal component method is an effective tool for classifying.

The Determination about Growth-pole System of Area Development in Hebei Province

DAI Xuezhen

1999, 35(4):  558-562. 

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Synthetic strength index of Beijing, Tianjin and 25 cities in Hebei province are calculated by using principle components analysis method in this article. On the basic of the index, grades of these cities are built and the growth-pole system about Hebei regional development is deduced with qualitative analysis.

Effect of Nitrosation on the Genotoxicity of Nicotine

SUN Hongfang,WANG Yan,WANG Haifang,LIU Yuanfang

1999, 35(4):  563-568. 

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Whether nicotine undergoes in vivo nitrosation transforming carcinogens is still a pending problem. We report the effect of nitrosation on DNA adduction with nicotine in vivo and in vitro studied by accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS) and liquid scintillation counting technique, using ¹⁴C labeled nicotine as a tracer. Our results show that under simulated acidic gastric condition and other proper conditions, nicotine could be nitrosated, thus enhancing its genotoxicity. But this process significantly depends on the dose level of nitrite. When NaNO₂ dose lowers to in vivo level, the nitrosation process is too weak to be detected. When NaNO₂ dose raises, it increases the formation of DNA adducts, thus enhancing the genotoxicity of nicotine.

Protective Effects of Garlic Lycium Chinense Liquid, Dextran and Fuxikang on Lead Acetic Induced Genetic Damage in Mice

MA Jixia,BI Ruiming,LUO Dazhen

1999, 35(4):  569-572. 

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By means of the micronucleus test of whole mice bone marrow and fetus liver blood, we studied the protective effects of three biological preparations (garlic lycium chinense liquid, dextran and fuxikang) on lead acetic induced genetic damage of mouse somatic cells. The results showed that, when the lead acetic in the mice raised to 30mg/kg (1/4LD₅₀), the frequency of micronucleus would raise to a high level, and these three biological preparations obviously demonstrated their protective effect to the animals. After seven and fourteen days drinking of garlic Lycium Chinense liquid and doxtran the suppression rate to the incidences of micronucleus were 68%; 49% and 52%; 48% respectvely. After nineteen days drinking of Fuxikang, the suppression rate was 55%. The garlic Lycium Chinense liquid and dextran alao had protective effect on lead induced genetic demage in pregenant mice and fetus liver. Preliminary research showed that: first, they all had distinctive anti-saltation effect; second, the effect of garlic lycium chinense liquid had better effect than that of dextan;third, the three biological preparations had no mutagentic activity.

Studies on the Function of Metallothionein to Scavenge Hydroxyl Radical

ZHENG Junheng,LI Haiyang,RU Gang,RU Binggen

1999, 35(4):  573-576. 

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A simple method of determining hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of metallothionein (MT) was developed. The hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of various oxidative degrees MT and isoforms were investigated. The results indicate that the hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of variously oxidative MT positively correlate with their sulfhydryl group content; with the same sulfhydryl group content, the hydroxyl radical scavenging effects of ZnMT-1 is stronger than that of ZnMT-2; and the capacity of ZnMTs is far stronger than that of GSH and Cystein.