Allometric Relationship between Tree Height and Diameter of Larch Forests in China

doi:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2017.127

Abstract

Abstract:

184 plots from larch (Larix Mill.) forests across China were sampled to characterize the height-diameter relationships and investigate the effects of structure and climate on them based on the power function H = aD^b. The results showed that the height-diameter relationship differed greatly among species: b-value of Larix gmelinii (0.65±0.11) and L. olgensis (0.68±0.10) were significantly higher than L. mastersiana (0.51±0.17) and L. potaninii (0.54±0.15) (F=2.34, P=0.026). These differences were significantly influenced by mean annual temperature, but no statistic relationships were detected between stem density, total basal area and mean annual prepetition against b-value. These results indicated that as mean annual temperature increased, a higher proportion of biomass was allocated into diameter growth than height growth (R²=0.09, P<0.001).

Key words: diameter-height, allometric scaling, Larix

摘要：

基于幂函数H = aD^b, 对我国广泛分布的8种落叶松属(Larix Mill.)乔木184个样方胸径(D)与树高(H)的相关生长关系进行分析, 并探讨林分密度、林分总胸高断面积、年均温度和年降水量对相关生长系数(b值)的影响。结果表明, 相关生长系数在不同落叶松属间存在显著差异(P<0.05): 东北地区的兴安落叶松林(0.65±0.11)和黄花落叶松林(0.68±0.10)的相关生长系数显著高于西南地区的四川红杉林(0.51±0.17)和红杉林(0.54±0.15) (F=2.34, P=0.026)。林分密度和总胸高断面积不能解释b值的空间变异(P > 0.05), 但年均温与b值显著负相关(R²=0.09, P<0.001)。研究结果说明落叶松属的不同种之间胸径-树高关系不同, 且温度可能是导致不同落叶松林分胸径-树高关系存在差异的主要原因。

关键词: 胸径-树高, 相关生长, 落叶松

Chunyun LIU, Wenjing FANG, Qiong CAI, Suhui MA, Xingxing JIANG, Chengjun JI, Jingyun FANG. Allometric Relationship between Tree Height and Diameter of Larch Forests in China[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2017, 53(6): 1081-1088.

刘春云, 方文静, 蔡琼, 马素辉, 姜星星, 吉成均, 方精云. 中国落叶松林胸径-树高相关关系的探讨[J]. 北京大学学报自然科学版, 2017, 53(6): 1081-1088.

Figures/Tables 10

References 23

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物种	纬度/(°N)	经度/(°E)	海拔/m	样方数量	林分密度/ (株 · hm^-2)	平均胸径/ cm	平均树高/ m	总胸高断面积/ (m²· hm^-2)
兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii	48.05~52.86	121.51~129.23	279~1114	54	1576.2±727.7	14.2±5.5	13.2±3.6	27.65±7.13
黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	42.06~42.41	127.96~128.43	652~1851	13	1314.1±646.7	19.2±8.0	14.2±5.5	46.16±15.77
华北落叶松 L. principis-rupprechtii	39.61~41.33	114.75~117.51	948~2650	45	1396.5±699.6	17.9±3.8	11.1±2.6	30.90±8.02
新疆落叶松 L. sibirica	43.31~48.68	86.79~93.68	1460~2680	14	1100.0±352.0	22.8±5.0	16.0±4.0	32.56±5.57
太白红杉 L. chinensis	33.92~33.99	107.76~107.79	3100~3300	22	1034.8±478.2	18.7±2.4	8.2±1.1	32.77±16.82
西藏红杉 L. griffithiana	29.29	95.35	3250~3750	4	1212.5±455.2	18.3±12.6	9.1±4.1	20.44±8.71
四川红杉 L. mastersiana	29.38~31.88	101.55~102.98	2730~4002	18	1417.6±755.1	24.6±9.8	12.2±3.9	27.96±16.51
红杉 L. potaninii	27.11~32.77	100.22~103.92	2790~3868	14	1373.8±847.7	25.2±15.2	12.3±3.8	26.80±17.74

物种	纬度/(°N)	经度/(°E)	海拔/m	样方数量	林分密度/ (株 · hm^-2)	平均胸径/ cm	平均树高/ m	总胸高断面积/ (m²· hm^-2)
兴安落叶松 Larix gmelinii	48.05~52.86	121.51~129.23	279~1114	54	1576.2±727.7	14.2±5.5	13.2±3.6	27.65±7.13
黄花落叶松 L. olgensis	42.06~42.41	127.96~128.43	652~1851	13	1314.1±646.7	19.2±8.0	14.2±5.5	46.16±15.77
华北落叶松 L. principis-rupprechtii	39.61~41.33	114.75~117.51	948~2650	45	1396.5±699.6	17.9±3.8	11.1±2.6	30.90±8.02
新疆落叶松 L. sibirica	43.31~48.68	86.79~93.68	1460~2680	14	1100.0±352.0	22.8±5.0	16.0±4.0	32.56±5.57
太白红杉 L. chinensis	33.92~33.99	107.76~107.79	3100~3300	22	1034.8±478.2	18.7±2.4	8.2±1.1	32.77±16.82
西藏红杉 L. griffithiana	29.29	95.35	3250~3750	4	1212.5±455.2	18.3±12.6	9.1±4.1	20.44±8.71
四川红杉 L. mastersiana	29.38~31.88	101.55~102.98	2730~4002	18	1417.6±755.1	24.6±9.8	12.2±3.9	27.96±16.51
红杉 L. potaninii	27.11~32.77	100.22~103.92	2790~3868	14	1373.8±847.7	25.2±15.2	12.3±3.8	26.80±17.74

森林类型	样方数	平均胸径/cm	最大胸径/cm	平均树高/m	最大树高/m
兴安落叶松林	54	14.2±5.5	38.3±11.7	13.2±3.6	24.0±3.9
兴安落叶松林	54	6.5~43.4	15.4~66.8	7.2~26.7	15.8~34.0
黄花落叶松林	13	19.2±8.0	59.4±17.2	14.2±5.5	30.8±6.9
黄花落叶松林	13	12.1~37.7	33.1~91.5	6.8~26.4	14.0~38.0
华北落叶松林	45	17.8±3.8	32.5±8.9	11.0±2.6	16.2±3.4
华北落叶松林	45	10.3~26.9	16.9~75.8	5.2~17.5	9.5~25.4
新疆落叶松林	14	22.7±5.0	44.9±11.7	16.0±4.0	24.4±5.2
新疆落叶松林	14	12.6~28.9	27.1~68.8	9.9~24.8	17.7~31.7
太白红杉林	22	18.6±2.4	42.4±12.1	8.2±1.1	13.4±2.4
太白红杉林	22	15.4~24.7	27.9~80.0	6.5~10.8	9.1~18.0
西藏红杉林	4	18.3±12.6	29.9±20.0	9.1±4.1	15.3±5.7
西藏红杉林	4	6.3~33.9	10.8~54.1	5.6~14.4	8.0~22.0
四川红杉林	18	24.5±9.8	43.3±15.7	12.2±3.9	16.9±3.4
四川红杉林	18	11.5~43.8	22.2~72.6	7.1~19.7	11.8~23.0
红杉林	14	25.2±15.2	42.1±21.7	12.2±3.8	17.9±4.1
红杉林	14	7.9~53.4	23.7~89.8	6.2~21.6	13.2~28.8

森林类型	样方数	平均胸径/cm	最大胸径/cm	平均树高/m	最大树高/m
兴安落叶松林	54	14.2±5.5	38.3±11.7	13.2±3.6	24.0±3.9
兴安落叶松林	54	6.5~43.4	15.4~66.8	7.2~26.7	15.8~34.0
黄花落叶松林	13	19.2±8.0	59.4±17.2	14.2±5.5	30.8±6.9
黄花落叶松林	13	12.1~37.7	33.1~91.5	6.8~26.4	14.0~38.0
华北落叶松林	45	17.8±3.8	32.5±8.9	11.0±2.6	16.2±3.4
华北落叶松林	45	10.3~26.9	16.9~75.8	5.2~17.5	9.5~25.4
新疆落叶松林	14	22.7±5.0	44.9±11.7	16.0±4.0	24.4±5.2
新疆落叶松林	14	12.6~28.9	27.1~68.8	9.9~24.8	17.7~31.7
太白红杉林	22	18.6±2.4	42.4±12.1	8.2±1.1	13.4±2.4
太白红杉林	22	15.4~24.7	27.9~80.0	6.5~10.8	9.1~18.0
西藏红杉林	4	18.3±12.6	29.9±20.0	9.1±4.1	15.3±5.7
西藏红杉林	4	6.3~33.9	10.8~54.1	5.6~14.4	8.0~22.0
四川红杉林	18	24.5±9.8	43.3±15.7	12.2±3.9	16.9±3.4
四川红杉林	18	11.5~43.8	22.2~72.6	7.1~19.7	11.8~23.0
红杉林	14	25.2±15.2	42.1±21.7	12.2±3.8	17.9±4.1
红杉林	14	7.9~53.4	23.7~89.8	6.2~21.6	13.2~28.8

落叶松种类	a	b	样本量
兴安落叶松	2.71(1.24)^a	0.65(0.11)^a	54
黄花落叶松	2.26(0.80)^ab	0.68(0.10)^a	13
华北落叶松	2.96(2.20)^a	0.56(0.23) ^b	45
新疆落叶松	2.64(1.32)^ab	0.61(0.15)^ab	13
太白红杉	1.59(0.80)^b	0.60(0.17)^ab	22
西藏红杉	1.64(0.90)^ab	0.64(0.26)^ab	4
四川红杉	2.93(1.88)^a	0.51(0.17)^b	18
红杉	2.56(1.42)^ab	0.54(0.15)^b	13