Abstract: The advantages and disadvantages of marine resources utilization can be foundthrough regional differences evaluation, which can be provided as the basis of taking measures to improve comprehensive benefits of marine resources utilization. Eleven coastal provinces of China are studied. Fifteen indices dividedinto 3 groups (economic benefits, social benefits and environmental enefits) are selected to build an index systemfor marine resources utilization evaluation. Based on niche ecostate-ecorole theory, the niche breadths of each province are calculated to represent the different benefits of marine resources utilization. Applying polygon synthesis indicator method for the integrated index calculation, regional differences of the 11 coastal provinces are evaluated for marine resources utilization benefits analysis. The results indicate that regional differences of marine resources utilization benefits are distinct amongthe 11 coastal provinces in China; the predominant provinces in marine resources utilization are Shanghai, Guangdong, and Tianjin, whose resources utilization is more effectivethan other provinces; the integrated indices of comprehensive benefits of the 11 coastal provinces are low as a whole, which indicates that there are great needs to improve the utilization benefits of marine resources; enhancing resources utilization efficiency and resisting marine hazards are the common needs for most coastal provinces.

Key words: marine resources, development and utilization, comprehensive benefits, niche ecostate-ecorole theory, polygon synthesis indicator method, regional differences

摘要： 通过沿海地区之间的横向对比, 能够体现出各地区海洋资源开发利用的优劣势, 从而为有针对性地提升资源利用综合效益提供依据。以中国沿海的11个省(市) 为研究对象, 从海洋资源开发利用形成的产业效益角度, 建立综合效益评价指标体系。基于生态位态势理论和多边形综合指标法, 分析了海洋资源利用综合效益的地区差异。结果表明: 中国海洋资源利用效益的地区差异明显, 上海与其他省市相比具有明显的优势, 其海洋资源利用效率较高;总体上, 中国沿海省市综合利用海洋资源的能力较低, 具有很大发展潜力; 提高资源利用效率和加强海洋灾害风险防范是绝大多数沿海地区需要提升的能力。

关键词: 海洋资源, 开发利用, 综合效益, 生态位态势理论, 多边形综合指标法, 地区差异