Abstract: Based on the case study of Bao’an, Shenzhen, this paper analyzes the characteristics of Urban Ecological Water Requirements( UEWR) during 1988-2004. The relationships among UEWR, water resources and land use are studied. The results are summarized as below: the amount of UEWR of Bao’an decreased remarkably from 2.12×10⁸m³ in 1988 to 1.60×10⁸m³ in 2004. The components of UEWR including forest, grassland and water ecosystems show the different trends. The significant positive correlation between UEWR and land use is found in this study. The ratio of UEWR in water resources structure is about 24%-33%. Water resources allocated to human society should be limited by 60%-70% in order to maintain the healthy ecosystemand urban sustainable development.

Key words: ecological water requirement, land use, water resource, urban, Shenzhen

摘要： 以深圳市宝安区为例，计算了1988?2004年间宝安区城市生态需水量，得到城市生态需水量的特征变化规律，进而分析了生态需水量与水资源结构和土地利用变化的相关关系。结果表明，宝安区城市生态需水量由1988年的2.12亿m³减少到2004年的1.60亿m³，呈现明显的下降趋势。其中各子系统生态需水量变化规律不尽相同。城市生态需水量变化与其相关的土地利用变化具有显著正相关关系，据此可以利用土地利用结构的变化来估算城市生态需水量的变化。城市生态需水量占多年平均水资源总量的24%～33%，为保证城市生态系统功能健康，人类社会经济用水不能超过水资源总量的60%～70%。

关键词: 生态需水量, 土地利用, 水资源, 城市, 深圳