Abstract: The discovery of DNA double helix structure is one of the most important discoveries in the last century. The core rule and the technology of gene cloning provide us powerful tools to elucidate the nature of human beings. In the history of molecular biology, the importance of DNA, which is the carrier of genetic information, and its double helix structure, is clearly recognized. The completion of the human genome project opens up a broad field, and makes it possible for us to study the biological processes at the whole-genome level, and the biology is going into post-genome era.

Key words: DNA, gene

摘要： DNA双螺旋结构的建立是20世纪最为重要的发现之一。随后确立的中心法则使人们对于生命的本质有了更为深入的了解，基因克隆和重组技术则为人们提供了一种更为强大的改造自然的能力。回顾现代生物学发展的历程，可以清楚的看到，DNA作为遗传信息的载体和其双螺旋结构的发现所占据的重要地位。而对人类基因组的测序又为人们提供了一个更为广阔的视野，使得从整体上研究生命过程成为可能，从而使人们进入了“后基因组时代”。

关键词: DNA, 基因