Table of Content

20 May 1996, Volume 32 Issue 3

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Ergodic Theory of a Class of CA

Gan Shaobo

1996, 32(3):  293-301. 

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Let Ｄ_rb={f∈C(Σ_b, Σ_b): f is generated by a block map of rank r which is permutation at position 1 and (2r+1)} and F={φ∈C(Σ_b): for some b>0 and α∈(0,1), var_kφ<=bα^k, k>=0}. For any τ∈D_rb and φ∈F,we obtain the following results: 1) Ruelle's Perron Frobenius theorem, 2) there is unique Gibbs state, 3) there is unique equilibrium state.

Numerical Simulation of the Evapotranspiration Process in the Soil - Vegetation Atmosphere Continuum

LIU Shuhua

1996, 32(3):  361-371. 

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By using the one dimensional soil-vegetation-atmosphere coupled numerical model the processes of land surface evapotranspiration for the difference vegetation cover factor in the arid and semi-arid region of Northwest China (around 38N, 105E) are studied. The evapotranspiration process and the soil moisture content in the soil-vegetation-atmosphere system is simulated and compared between simulated and observed the soil moisture content for different vegetation shielding factor. The results indicate that the evapotranspiration can be divided into three stages in accordance with the variations of the soil moisture near the surface, and brought to light the each other transition processes of the heat balance components at the underlying surface. The preliminary results of the numerical simulation indicate that the soil properties and vegetation shielding factor are the most important influence factor in this process, and the land surface process model is capable of predicting the thermal and evapotranspiration processes and siutable to climate study.

Determining the Parameter Region of Linsker's Network

Feng Jianfeng,Hong Pan

1996, 32(3):  302-315. 

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In terms of an analysis of the nonlinear, asymmetric dynamics of Linsker's layered self-adaptive network, we first determine the whole set of fixed point attractors of the network and their stability is established. A necessary and sufficient condition for the emergence of a structured receptive field is presented. Thus the parameter regime to ensure the development of a desired structured receptive field can be obtained explicitly. For given synaptic density functions, the parameter regime of (k₁，k₂), in which a structured pattern of connection strengths develops, is a band between two parallel lines. The breadth of the band is given by d₁(·) and d₂(·) depending on the covariance matrix q. The shape of the receptive field is totally governed by the synaptic density function between source and target cell layers and so by k₁, k₂, while the existence of a parameter regime for the occurrence of such a receptive field is determined by d₁(·), d₂(·), and therefore by the covariance matrix q. According to results above, we then refigure the emergence of various structured connection strengths between the second and third layer in detail. In principle, our rigorous analysis based upon the nonlinear dynamics of Linsker's network conforms with most of results gained in the numerical simulation and linear analysis of Linsker's network before. Of course, a modification of some of them is carried out here.

Convergence Rate for Asymptotic Uniformity of Distribution of Independent Sums Modulo One

CHEN Lei,QI Yongcheng

1996, 32(3):  316-321. 

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Let {X_j, j<=1} be a sequence of i.i.d. random variables, and ｛Ｓ_n｝be its partial sum sequence, and ξ（Ｓ_n）denote the fractional part of Ｓ_n. This paper estimates the convergence rate to asymptotic uniformity for ξ(Ｓ_n) i.e. supB∈B［０，１）｜P(ξ(S_n)∈B)-P(U∈B)｜.

Oscillatory Properties of Solutions of Neutral Functional Differential Equations

PIAO Daxiong

1996, 32(3):  322-329. 

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In 1993, J.Wiener brought up an open problem for the study of oscillatory and asympototic properties of neutral functional differential equations with piecewise constant argument ［λt/h］h. The present paper aims at studying these properties of solutions of nonlinear neutral functional differential equation (y(t)+a(t)y(t-1))′+p(t)f(y(［t］))=h(t)，t>=0and giving a sufficient condition for the existence of nonoscillating solutionsof linear equation (y(t)+a(t)y(t-1))′+p(t)y(［t］)=h(t)，t>=0by means of fixed point theory in the case of λ=h=1, where ［·］ is the greatestinteger function.

Applications of the Algebraic Analytical Method in 1-dimensional Logistic Map

HUANG Yongnian,YU Guang

1996, 32(3):  330-342. 

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By using the algebraic analytical method, discussed the mean values of 1-DLogistic map X_n+1=μ-X_n². At the first time we find that the mean values are continuous but non-differentiable in chaotic region, also discussed that by using the algebraic analytical method and the structure of the unstable periodic orbits to solve the higher degree algebraic equations.

The Research of Superconductivity under Various Symmetries

SUN Jiuxun,ZHANG Liyuan

1996, 32(3):  347-355. 

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The systematic calculation of superconductivity for the order parameter expandedby the single basis function has been made. The results show that the coupling strength needed for getting the same value of T_c for various symmetries of the order parameter is not the same. The values of 2Δ(0)/k_BT_c and ΔC_es(T_c)/C_en(T_c) for the anisotropic order parameters are very different from the corresponding values of BCS theory. In order to explain the experimental results of high-T_c superconductivity, it is not sufficient to consider the single wave expansion only. The cases including two or more components should be considered. Moreover, through the analysis of the experimental results and the preliminary study of the mixed waves cases. we think that the d_x²-y2+s* mixed wave symmetry may better fits the relevant experimental results.

The Correlation Between Field-Aligned Currents and Geomagnetic and Substorm Activity

JAO Weixin

1996, 32(3):  356-360. 

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The occurrence rate, intensity and density of field-aligned currents measured in the earth's inner magnetosphere by ISEE-1 and ISEE-2 are examined for four levels of geomagnetic activity: very quiet, quiet, active and very disturbed. It was found that the occurrence rate, current intensity and density increase with an increasing level of geomagnetic activity. The occurrence rate is only 8.9% at the lowest level, while 73.2% of events occurred above active level. Most events are accompanied with substorm in the night. These results indicate that field-aligned currents are presumably generated by interaction between solar wind, IMF and magnetosphere.

Room Temperature Optical Absorption Spectra of Nanometer CuCl Clusters

WANG Dehuang,WANG Weili,CHENG Humin,MA Jiming,MAO Jietai

1996, 32(3):  343-346. 

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The optical absorption spetra of average size 4.2 nm CuCl clusters in near ultra violet and visible regions are determined at room temperature. The optical absorption spectra in two samples irradiated by He-Ne laser beam are also shown. A sharp peak with the width of 0.62 meV in an absorption spectrum of CuCl nanoclusters irradiated by laser beam is observed at 3.187 eV.

An Experimental Investigation on Liquid Nitrogen as Ice Nucleant for Artificial Dispersal of Supercooled Fogs

ZHANG Zheng,REN Jie,HAN Guang

1996, 32(3):  372-378. 

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In order to disperse supercooled fogs developed in autumn and winter of Beijing, a performance of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant was evaluated in a cold chamber. Liquid nitrogen which doesn't pollute environment, has a low price and a rich reservoir. The experimental results show that the relation between the performances of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant and cloud temperatures is not obvious. During a temperature range from 0℃ to -17.0℃, 10¹¹g^-1 represents the performance of liquid nitrogen as ice nucleant which is related to seeding amount. 26.3mg/m³ is a suitable seeding amount for liquid nitrogen weight. After two minutes of seeding liquid nitrogen, ice crystals about 90% of the total number will produce. The effective time for producing ice crystals may exceed 4-5 minutes.

Research on Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Water by Means of Ground Based 3mm Band Radiometry

HU Chengda

1996, 32(3):  379-383. 

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By means of groundbased reception of atmospheric emission, we could get the atmospheric parameters such as temperature profile, water vapour, liquid water, ozone and other atmospheric trace gases. Using atmospheric noise reception of 1.35cm water vapour absorption band and 8mm window band, we could obtain the atmospheric total water vapour content and liquid water content of cloud. In this paper by way of calculating atmospheric radiation brightness temperature at three microwave bands, it could be demonstrated that 3mm band is more sensitive to the water vapour content and liquid water content than 1.35cm and 8mm bands, especially for water vapour content in clear sky. Developing 3mm band radiometry is advantageous to remote sensing of atmospheric water. Continuous measurements with high accuracy are important in determining forecasting on the mesoscale and heat balance in climatology

The Numerical Simulation on Dust Storm over East Asia (Ⅰ) Model Developing

JI Fei QIN Yu

1996, 32(3):  384-392. 

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A model has been developed on the basis of the mesoscale dynamic model(MM4) coupling with a set of massconservation equations of the particles to simulate the dust events of the East Asia. In the model, the airborne particles are categorized into several bins in size. The source and sink of dust are considered. Dealing with the source, four factors are include: origin mechanism, scope of source, estimation of concentration and size distribution of concentration. Dry deposition and gravity precipitation of the particles are considered in the sink term. We examine the function of the model with the historical data, and the simulation results prove the capability of this model to simulate dust storm.

Study of High-resolution Optogalvanic Spectrum of Rb D₂

WANG Haoyue,TANG Junxiong,ZHENG Lemin

1996, 32(3):  393-395. 

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Find dips in the centers of atomic lines when observing high-resolution optogalvanic spectra of Rb D₂ in hollow cathode lamp. The origin of these dips is analysed and studied. The frequency of a semiconductor laser(0.7800 μm) is locked to the center of a dip using this phenomenon.

Text-Dependent Speaker Identification Using Hierarchical Mixture of Experts

CHEN Ke,XIE Dahong,CHI Huisheng

1996, 32(3):  396-405. 

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Explored the Hierarchical Mixture of Experts(HME) architecture for a substantial problem, that of text-dependent speaker identification. For a specific multiway classification, we propose a generalized Bernoulli density instead of the multinomial logit density. Using the proposed density and the HME along with the EM algorithm, we show that the system yields satisfactory performance and significantly fast training.

A Synthetical Study on Permo-Triassic Boundary of Tieshikou Section in Xinfeng County, Jianxi Province

BAI Junfeng,YANG Shouren

1996, 32(3):  456-465. 

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This paper is the first synthetical study on Permo-Triassic boundary(are calledPTB for short) of Tieshikou section in Xinfeng county, Jianxi Province, which is loccated in South China folded belt. It is based on the research of followingaspects: the biostratigraphy of conodonts, ammonites and bivalves; geochemical features of elements; oxygen and carbon isotope signature; sedimentary facies analysis and paleoenvironmental reconstruction; X-ray diffraction analysis of clay rocks around PTB; and grouping the ICP analysis data of rock samples collectedaround PTB by optimal division method. Through such synthetical studies, we determine the PTB of Tieshikou section at the base of No. 26 layer. The reasons arelisted as follows: 1. Faunas of Tieshikou formation (above and including No. 26 layer) include“Permiantype” and “Triassictype”forms, but faunas of Changxing formation(under No.26 layer)is “Permiantype” form. 2. Both the analysis of sedimentary facies and the geochemical features of elements indicate that No. 26 layer is the turning pointfrom wide carbonate platform environment to lagoon and shallow water seashore environment. 3. the JP26 clay rock from Tieshikou formation (No. 26 layer) is characterized mainly by both Illite and Kaolinite and a little Mixed Montmorillonite-Illite, the semiquantitative analysis shows the content of Illite, Kaolinite and Montmorillonite is 49%, 45% and 6%, respetively. In contrast to this, the main mineral of clay rocks from Changxing formation is Illite and with a little Chlo-rite, Kaolinite and Mixed Montmorillonite. Also by means of semiquantitative analysis, the content of Illite, Chlorite, Montmorillonite and Kaolinite is 80%， 8%， 7% and 5%, respectively. Thus No.26 layer is the difference limit line of clay rocks. The JP26 clay is a new type of PTB clay which is the first reported inthis paper. Besides this No. 26 layer is also the lithostratigraphic boundary. 4. The result of carbon isotope analysis indicate the values of carbon isotope changed obviously near the PTB. Strata under No. 26 layer all show positive valuesof δ¹³ C, but strata above No. 26 layer(including this layer)show negative values of δ¹³ C.The changing amplitude of δ¹⁸ O values under No.26 layer(5.4%)is larger than that of above No. 26 layer (0.64%).5. The ICP analysis of rock samples indicates that the trace elements fluctuated around the PTB at Tieshikou section. We have used the optimal division method to calculate these ICP analysis data. The No. 26 layer is the first important segement point.

On Algebraic Differential Equations

CHUANG Chitai

1996, 32(3):  276-292. 

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The main purpose of this paper is to prove some theorems on the growth of holomorphic solutions of algebraic differential equations of general form. For this we base upon a theorem on the derivatives of a holomorphic function in a ring-shaped domain. It completes, in some respects, a theorem proved by the author in a previous work on the theory of Wiman-Valiron.

Inclusive Minimal Surface in G_2,n?

MO Miaohuan

1996, 32(3):  271-275. 

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A simple description of all inclusive minimal immersion from the Riemann surface M² to a complex Grassmannian G_2,n which satisfy degree>2n(g-1) or ∂′-order finite is given.