To explore the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics and meteorological factors impacts of PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃ in the urban agglomeration on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, the seasonal variation and spatial-temporal distribution pattern of PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃ were analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis method and generalized additive model (GAM)were used to explore the influence of meteorological factors on atmospheric pollutants. The results showed that 1) in terms of time distribution, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were similar, showing winter > spring > autumn > summer, while O₃ showed summer > spring > autumn > winter. 2) In terms of spatial pattern, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ generally showed a pattern of low in the west and high in the east, and the high concentration area of O₃ was mainly in the Tianshan Tianchi area and Shihezi City in Fukang City. 3) The regional PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ showed significant positive spatial autocorrelation, with high-high agglomeration in the east and low-low agglomeration in the west. 4) Correlation analysis and GAM model showed that PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃ had significant nonlinear response relationship with temperature, humidity, wind speed, air pressure and daily rainfall. The interaction terms between temperature and other meteorological factors all passed the significance test, indicating that there was a significant interaction effect on the influence of PM_2.5, PM₁₀ and O₃. This study presented new conclusions on the mechanism of the influence of meteorological factors on air pollutants in the northern slopes of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, as well as an scientific basis for the development of regional air quality management strategies in the region.