The effect of loads on self-sustained oscillators was studied by using numerical simulations and theoretical analysis with simple biological and chemical oscillators. Analyses of dynamical properties of the oscillators revealed that, the scheme in which the oscillators driving the load through indirect coupling via an insulator helped keeping the robustness of dynamical properties of the oscillators. The binding affinity between the load and its upstream module and the total amount of functional insulator were two key parameters that affected the relative amplitude of the load. The introduction of insulator module to the system can break the trade-off between the oscillations of the load and the retroactivity in the direct coupling scheme. Calculations of the free energy dissipation suggested that an increase in the free energy dissipation did not necessarily mean a decrease in the retroactivity or enhanced oscillations in the load.

以简单生化振子模型为对象, 运用数值计算和理论分析, 研究负载对自激振子的影响。对振子动力学性质的分析结果表明, 振子经由绝缘模块以间接耦合的方式驱动负载的方案有利于维持振子动力学性质的稳定。负载与其上游模块的结合亲和力以及绝缘模块物质总量是影响负载相对振幅的两个关键因素。绝缘模块的引入能够打破负载振荡与回溯性在直接耦合方式下的权衡。对自由能耗散的计算结果表明, 振荡自由能耗散增加不一定意味着回溯性减小或负载振荡的增强。