Abstract: Software testing is one of the most important techniques used to assure the quality of software products. Software testing keeps a high proportion during the whole software life cycle. Gradually, software testing develops towards the former phase of software development and inosculates with the design and coding phases of software development. This paper introduces the basic ideas of software testing from the techniques and the process of software testing, persistent software testing, adequate criteria of software testing and so on. Then, this paper discusses some problems in software testing, including automated path-wise test data generation, test oracle, automated expected results generation, regression testing and so on. At last, this paper explores the development tendency of software testing, such as component testing, software testability, design by contract for testability in components and Web Services testing.

Key words: software testing, software quality, testability of software, component testing

摘要： 从软件测试的技术与过程、持续的软件测试、软件测试的充分性准则等方面简要介绍软件测试的基本思想；讨论软件测试中的若干问题，包括面向路径的测试数据自动生成、测试预言、期望结果的自动生成、回归测试等；并且探讨软件测试的发展趋势，包括构件测试、软件的易测试性与基于合约的构件易测试性设计和Web Services测试等。

关键词: 软件测试, 软件质量, 软件的易测试性, 构件测试