In order to apply the fault enhancement method to improve the accuracy of fault identification, a three-dimensional fault enhancement method based on multi-directional recognition is developed. This method applies directional filtering to enhance the continuity of the seismic events and suppress the background noise, and applies edge-preserving filtering to preserve the fault information in seismic profiles. This method is further improved in two aspects. 1) Multi-directional fault recognition is designed to adapt to the presence of inclined formations. 2) The two-dimensional fault enhancement method is extended to the three-dimensional one which achieves the effect of three-dimensional fault enhancement with a lower amount of calculation. The applications on synthetic data and the three-dimensional post-stacked actual data show that the proposed method can effectively suppress the background noise, enhance the continuity of the seismic events, and improve the resolution of the fault image, which is conducive to the subsequent structural interpretation.

为了应用断层增强技术来提高断层识别的精度, 提出基于多方向识别的三维断层增强方法。通过方向滤波来增强地震同相轴的连续性, 并压制背景噪声, 通过边界保持滤波来保持地震剖面的断层信息。进一步地, 对方法流程做两点改进: 一是使用多方向断层识别, 增强对倾斜地层情况的适用性; 二是将二维断层增强方法扩展到三维地震数据, 实现以较低的运算量达到三维断层增强的效果。合成数据和实际数据的应用实例均表明所提方法可以有效地压制背景噪声, 增强地层同相轴的连续性, 并提高断层图像的分辨率, 有利于后续的构造解释。