Abstract: Watermarking algorithms in the H.264/AVC bit-stream are more efficient, but the propagation error introduced would decrease the visual quality severely. In order to reduce the computation complexity of compensation, a new error compensation method is proposed, in which the watermark is embedded into the quantized DCT coefficients and the propagation error gained by a low complexity error prediction module are compensated adaptively. The simulation results show that with the proposed compensation method, a real time video watermarking can be realized, with the features of low complexity, high PSNR and less bitrate increase.

Key words: video watermarking, error propagation, H.264/AVC, intra prediction

摘要： 直接在H.264/AVC比特流中嵌入水印可以极大地提高水印算法的效率, 但是由此而引入的传播误差效应会使视频质量严重降低。针对该问题, 提出一种低复杂度的误差补偿算法来消除传播误差。该算法中, 水印被嵌入到量化之后的DCT系数中, 利用一个新的误差预测模块对当前块进行误差计算, 然后将其动态补偿到当前块以消除传播误差对视频质量的影响。实验结果表明, 所提出的算法具有低复杂度、高视频质量以及较小比特率增加等优点, 可以应用于实时的视频水印嵌入方案。

关键词: 视频水印, 误差传播, H.264/AVC, 帧内预测