Abstract: The goal of this study is to establish a test to measure Self-efficacy. One hundred and forty-nine college students participated in the study. Subjects were asked to rate if each item of an author-designed Self-efficacy Inventory (SEI) could be used to describe themselves on a 6-point scale with "1" representing "extremely not appropriate" and "6" representing "extremely appropriate". Rotter Internal-external Control Scale, Self-discrepancy, Chinese SCL90 Depression Sub-scale, and Sherer's Self-efficacy Scale were tested as well. The same subjects were tested with SEI again two weeks later. The results shown that 19 items were chosen to compose the final SEI test, of which the mean score of the sample was 63.09 while standard deviation was 12.645. There was no significant sex difference (t=0.14, P=0.88). Factor Analysis revealed one factor which explained 32.4% of the total variance. The test met the basic reliability requirements with Cronbach a=0.878 and r=0.817 for test-retest reliability, and was significantly and negatively correlated with Rotter Internal-external Control Scale (r=-0.511, P<0.001), actual-ideal self-discrepancy (r=-0.420, P<0.001), actual-ought self-discrepancy (r=-0.450, P<0.001), and depression (r=-0.398, P<0.001). This test was also significantly correlated to Sherer's Self-efficacy Scale with r=0.6140 (P<0.0001) to its general efficacy and r=0.5379 (P<0.0001) to its social efficacy.

Key words: Self-efficacy, psychological test

摘要： 本研究的目的在于以分析自我效能的结构为基础，制订自我效能的测量工具。原始问卷依自我效能的理论定义而构造。149名大学生参加了测验。要求被试在6点量表上评定问卷的每一个条目是否适合描述他们自己，“1”代表完全不适合，“6”代表完全适合。被试同时还完成了中国罗特内外控测验、自我差异测验、SCL90抑郁分测验以及Sherer的自我效能问卷。测验结果得到了一个由19个条目构成的单因素结构的自我效能量表，该因素解释总变异的32.4%，量表平均分为63.09，标准差为12.645，无显著性性别差异(t=0.14，P=0.88)。统计分析还表明：该量表具有较好的内部一致性信度(a=0.878)和重测信度(r=0.817)；和外控倾向呈显著性负相关(r=-0.511，P<0.001)，和实际-理想自我差异、实际-应该自我差异也均有显著性负相关(r=-0.420，P<0.001；r=-0.450，P<0.001)；和抑郁有显著性负相关(r=-0.398，P<0.001)，有较理想的构想效度；同时，与Sherer的自我效能量表中的一般自我效能相关为0.6140(P<0.0001)，与其社会自我效能相关为r=0.5379(P<0.0001)，表明具有较好的校标效度。

关键词: 自我效能, 心理测验