Abstract: In order to study the three general models of ZHD, i.e. Saastamoinen model, Hopfield model and Black model, a Radiosonde method based on the radiosonde data is constructed to calculate the true value of ZHD. The elevation applicability of the three general models is studied by comparing the ZHD calculated by the Radiosonde method and three general models in the real and standard summer atmospheric conditions respectively at mid-northern latitudes of North American. It was found that three general models are all applicable to the height of 0-30 km; Black model and Saastamoinen model are in the same high precision level and Hopfield model has the worst accuracy. Finally, a localized ZHD-P model in high pressure range is discovered and constructed.

Key words: zenith hydrostatic delay, elevation applicability, ZHD-P model

摘要： 针对天顶对流层干延迟(ZHD)的3种通用模型, 即Saastamoinen模型、Hopfield模型和Black模型, 构建基于探空数据的Radiosonde方法来解算ZHD并将其作为真值, 在北美夏季中纬度地区真实大气和标准大气两种条件下, 通过对比Radiosonde方法与3种通用模型计算的ZHD结果, 对3种通用模型进行高程适用性分析。结果表明, 3种通用模型都适用于0~30 km的高度, Black模型和Saastamoinen模型的精度相近, Hopfield模型精度最差。最后, 构建高气压变化范围的本地化短期ZHD-P模型。

关键词: 天顶对流层干延迟, 高程适用性, ZHD-P模型