Abstract: Considering the insufficiency of conventional observational means in arid eco-environmental monitoring, this paper examines the requirements for eco-environmental monitoring, as well as the characteristics of the land cover types and climate in arid areas. According to the needs for eco-environmental monitoring and assessment tasks in the arid areas, remote sensing inversion technology was incorporated into the estimation of significant eco-environmental parameters and variables, based on which further assessment models were correspondingly built. In the Microsoft .Net environment, the ArcEngine GIS component was applied to develop the software modules for remote sensing image data visualization and spatial analysis functions, and the IDL language was used to implement the algorithms for remote sensing inversion for the estimation of the land surface variables. Finally a computer system for remote sensing based inversion and assessment of eco-environmental variables and quality in the Shihezi area were implemented and integrated. This system was practically utilized for eco-environmental monitoring and assessment in the study area afterwards. The results show that the system can be operated steadily and is quite useful for rapid estimation of regional significant eco-environmental variables such as vegetation index, soil moisture, land surface temperature, fractional vegetation coverage, net primary productivity, and so on. The system can also aid in the eco-environmental assessment tasks and offer technical support and promote the use of geospatial technology for eco-environmental protection and monitoring in the arid areas.

Key words: arid areas, eco-environment, remote sensing inversion, assessment models

摘要： 针对传统观测手段难以满足大范围快速生态环境变化监测需要的问题,在分析干旱区地表覆盖类型与气候特点, 以及干旱区生态环境监测与评价的具体需求基础上, 运用遥感技术反演生态环境敏感参量并根据相应的需求建立了基于这些参量的评价模型。在Microsoft .NET平台上, 利用ArcEngine组件实现了遥感影像数据的可视化与空间分析功能; 利用IDL (interactive data language)开发的遥感反演算法, 实现了生态环境敏感参量的遥感提取, 最终开发集成了干旱区生态环境敏感参量遥感反演与评价模型系统。通过将该系统在新疆石河子地区进行应用, 对系统功能进行了测试。结果表明, 本系统能够比较稳定地运行, 比较方便和准确地通过遥感手段获取关键生态环境参量, 为干旱区生态环境保护和监测提供了技术支持, 也将促进空间信息技术在干旱区生态环境监测中的综合应用。

关键词: 干旱区, 生态环境, 遥感反演, 评价模型