Abstract: The authors introduce the basic principles of Kriging and the simulation of variogram and elaborate the method in details, including several aspects: formation of the block model, collection and exploration of experimental data, semivariogram analysis, interpolation etc. The authors present a method which integrates 3D solid modeling with Kriging. The method can provide important decision support aid for urban development planning and construction by 3D visualization. Finally, the practical effect of the method is shown in a case study, and the sampling area locates in Beijing and 887 samples are adopted. The anthors present the analysis results of the model, verify the accuracy of the result, and carry on comparative analysis with 2D model. The results demonstrate the validity of method presented base on 3D GIS and Kriging, and 3D visualization makes it convenient to make decision for professionals.

Key words: 3D GIS, Kriging, bearing capacity, 3D modeling

摘要： 简要介绍了Kriging方法的基本原理及变异函数的模拟, 并从三维结构模型的体元离散、实验数据搜集与探究、空间变异结构分析以及插值方法应用等方面详细阐述承载力三维实体建模的基本思路。提出以三维地质实体建模技术同Kriging方法相结合的策略分析并模拟天然地基土承载力的空间分布规律, 并以三维可视化技术对其进行刻画和表达。以北京某区域为例, 利用该区887个实验样品数据, 采用Kriging插值与三维实体模型结合的方法, 构建了研究区承载力三维实体模型, 并将模拟结果与传统二维Kriging方法建模结果进行了对比分析。结果表明, Kriging插值与三维实体模型结合的方法不但精度高, 而且直观、准确的三维可视化表现方式为专家的决策提供了便利。

关键词: 三维GIS, Kriging, 承载力, 三维建模