Pyrite FeS₂ nanospheres was synthesized through a simple solvothermal method in one step, and the electrochemical performance as the electrode material of supercapacitor was studied. The structure, morphology, specific surface area and pore volume of the material were characterized and measured experimentally, and its supercapacitor performances in three common electrolytes (6 M KOH, 6 M NaOH and 1 M Na₂SO₄) were tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the product is homogeneous pyrite FeS₂ nanospheres with a diameter of about 300?600 nm, showing obvious pseudocapacitance characteristics in all three electrolytes. When the electrolyte is KOH, it shows the highest specific capacitance, reaching 732.9 F/g at the current density of 2 A/g and 307.1 F/g at the current density of 20 A/g with the capacity retention rate of 41.9%. It is demonstrated that the synthesized FeS₂ nanospheres is an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors. 

采用简单的溶剂热法, 一步合成黄铁矿型FeS₂纳米微球, 并研究其作为超级电容器电极材料的电化学性能。用 X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和氮气吸脱附法表征材料的结构和形貌, 通过循环伏安(CV)、恒电流充放电(GCD)和电化学交流阻抗(EIS)测试材料在3种常见电解液(6M KOH, 6M NaOH和1M Na₂SO₄)中的超级电容性能。结果表明, 产物为均匀的黄铁矿型FeS₂纳米微球, 直径为300~600 nm, 均呈现明显的赝电容特征。电解液为KOH时, 比电容最高, 电流密度为2 A/g时, 比电容达到732.9 F/g; 电流密度增大到20 A/g时, 比电容仍能达到307.1 F/g。容量保持率为41.9%, 表明所合成的FeS₂纳米微球是一种优异的超级电容器电极材料。